Forty and Eight

Game Objective:

The primary goal in Forty and Eight Solitaire is to move all cards from the tableau and stock to the eight foundation piles, building each foundation up in suit from Ace to King.

Setup & Layout:

• Deck: Two standard 52-card decks are used, totaling 104 cards.
• Tableau: Deal eight tableau piles, each with five cards dealt face-up. Only the top card of each tableau pile is available for play.
• Foundations: Leave space for eight foundation piles above or beside the tableau. These start empty.
• Stock: Place the remaining 64 cards face-down as the stock pile.
• Waste: The waste pile is created by dealing cards one at a time from the stock; only the top card of the waste is available for play.

Key Play Areas Defined:

• Tableau: The main play area with eight columns, each initially holding five face-up cards.
• Foundations: Eight piles to be built up by suit from Ace to King.
• Stock: The pile of undealt cards, face-down.
• Waste: The pile where cards from the stock are dealt face-up; only the top card is playable.

Forty and Eight Solitaire Rules:

• Foundations:

• Foundations are built up by suit, starting from Ace and ending with King (e.g., Ace♠, 2♠, 3♠, …, King♠).

• Only an Ace can be moved to an empty foundation.

• Only the next higher card of the same suit may be placed on a foundation (e.g., 2♥ on Ace♥).

• Tableau:

• Tableau piles are built down by suit (e.g., 9♣ on 10♣).

• Only the top card of each tableau pile is available for play.

• Only one card may be moved at a time.

• Any card may be moved to an empty tableau pile.

• Stock & Waste:

• Cards are dealt one at a time from the stock to the waste pile.

• Only the top card of the waste pile is available for play.

• After the stock is depleted, the waste pile may be turned over to reform the stock once, allowing for a total of two passes through the deck.

• No further redeals are permitted after the second pass.

Gameplay:

• On each turn, the player may:
• Move the top card of any tableau pile or the waste pile to a foundation pile, if legal.
• Move the top card of any tableau pile or the waste pile to another tableau pile, if legal.
• Deal one card from the stock to the waste pile when no other moves are possible or desired.
• Only one card may be moved at a time; sequences cannot be moved.
• When a tableau pile becomes empty, it can be filled with any available card from the tableau or the waste.
• Play continues until all cards are moved to the foundations (win), or no further moves are possible after all stock passes are exhausted (loss).

Winning & Losing Conditions:

• Winning Condition: The game is won when all eight foundations are completed, each built up in suit from Ace to King, using all 104 cards.
• Losing Condition: The game is lost (unwinnable) if, after two passes through the stock, no further legal moves are possible and not all cards are on the foundations.

Special Rules & Edge Cases:

• Empty Tableau Piles: Any card (from tableau or waste) may be moved to fill an empty tableau pile.
• Redeals: Only one redeal is permitted, allowing for a total of two passes through the stock. After the second pass, no further redeals are allowed.
• Card Movement Restrictions: Only single cards may be moved at any time, not sequences.
• Available Moves: Only the top card of each tableau pile and the top card of the waste pile are available for play at any time.
• No Reserve or Cells: There are no reserve piles or cells in this variant; all play is confined to the tableau, foundations, stock, and waste.
• Suit Matching: All building, both up (foundations) and down (tableau), must be done strictly by suit.

This ruleset distinguishes Forty and Eight Solitaire from similar games by its strict suit-building requirements, limited tableau columns, and the two-pass stock rule.